Uso de hábitat y coexistencia de Penelope perspicax y Ortalis columbiana (Cracidae) en la Reserva Nacional Forestal Bosque de Yotoco (Bosque subandino), valle del río Cauca, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59517/oc.e573Palabras clave:
Guacharaca colombiana, manejo, modelos de ocupación, Pava caucana, simpatríaResumen
El tamaño de las poblaciones está determinado principalmente por las interacciones inter-específicas, además de la productividad del sistema. Ambas determinantes se ven afectadas por los disturbios a los que se ve sometido un paisaje. En el valle del río Cauca la reducción de las coberturas vegetales naturales ha sido de más del 90% y actualmente solo existen unos remanentes boscosos dentro de los que se encuentra la reserva de Yotoco con 559 ha. En la reserva son simpátricas dos especies de crácidos, Penelope perspicax y Ortalis columbiana. Después de haber estimado densidades poblaciones para ambas especies y que resultaron con tasas de encuentro diferenciales entre las unidades muestreales, se evaluó el uso del espacio con modelos de coocurrencia, índices de equitabilidad, dispersión y traslape. El diseño de muestreo se estableció con 32 unidades muestreales que se visitaron 14 veces. El análisis del área usada se hizo usando métodos de máxima verosimilitud en el paquete RPresence del proyecto R con el modelo para dos especies una temporada. Las equitabilidad y dispersión se estimaron en el paquete Vegan. O. columbiana usa menor área de la reserva (0.59) que P. perspicax (0.91). La dispersión de los registros de Ortalis es agregada, mientras que para Penelope es al azar. Igualmente, el uso del espacio por Ortalis es menos equitativo (0.25) que el que hace Penelope. La probabilidad de ocupación de O. columbiana cuando está presente P. perspicax disminuye de 1 a 0.55. Los planes de manejo, incluso para áreas, suelen orientarse a especies focales, en ese sentido, se hace necesario considerar las interacciones entre especies, cuando se formulan acciones que puedan favorecer unas, pero afectar a otras.
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